The World Health Organization (WHO) Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization recommended a phased cessation of OPV, starting with type 2 virus cessation by replacing trivalent OPV (tOPV) with bivalent OPV (bOPV), with the simultaneous introduction of trivalent inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) in routine immunization. Eradication of all poliovirus strains will require the eventual cessation of OPV use. However, polioviruses in OPV are live and attenuated and in very rare cases can acquire neurovirulence, causing paralysis similar to wild polioviruses. The oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), a live attenuated vaccine, has been the principal tool for polio eradication since the start of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative.
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